The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Brazil

Christopher J. Hernandez; Kavya G. Sundar; Fernando Echegaray; Mary Catherine Cambou; Lanbo Z. Yang; Eddy R. Segura; Marineide Gonçalves de Melo; Breno Riegel Santos; Ivana Rosângela dos Santos Varella; Karin Nielsen-Saines

doi:10.3390/vaccines12121445

The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Brazil

Christopher J. Hernandez
, Kavya G. Sundar
, Fernando Echegaray
, Mary Catherine Cambou
, Lanbo Z. Yang
, Eddy R. Segura
, Marineide Gonçalves de Melo
, Breno Riegel Santos
, Ivana Rosângela dos Santos Varella
, Karin Nielsen-Saines

David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
Cooper Medical School of Rowan University
Tulane University
Universidad Científica del Sur
Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives: SARS-CoV-2 infection is a known risk factor for adverse health outcomes in pregnancy, affecting both maternal and neonatal health. Mounting evidence suggests that even a single dose of an approved COVID-19 vaccine protects against severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and is safe for both pregnant persons and neonates. Southern Brazil was heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the protective effects of the vaccine on maternal and neonatal health are not well described. This study aims to examine the protective effects of maternal COVID-19 vaccination on both maternal and neonatal outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that leveraged medical data from a tertiary center in South Brazil to compare maternal and infant outcomes between hospitalized pregnant persons with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 March 2020, and 1 March 2023. Results: In total, 524 patients were enrolled, including 275 pregnant patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 249 without infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with maternal ventilator support (adjusted Risk Ratio [aRR] = 1.48, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 1.08–2.03), while receipt of at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine was associated with protection against maternal sepsis (aRR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03–0.56), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aRR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10–0.68), need for ventilator support (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.84), infant admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (aRR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47–0.82), and neonatal respiratory distress (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.83). Conclusions: These findings further underscore the importance of maternal vaccination against COVID-19 during pregnancy. Even one dose of vaccine was protective against a variety of maternal and neonatal outcomes. Prenatal care should encourage COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.

Original language	English
Article number	1445
Journal	Vaccines
Volume	12
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12121445
State	Published - Dec 2024
Externally published	Yes

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
pregnancy outcomes
vaccination

Access to Document

10.3390/vaccines12121445

Cite this

Hernandez, C. J., Sundar, K. G., Echegaray, F., Cambou, M. C., Yang, L. Z., Segura, E. R., Gonçalves de Melo, M., Santos, B. R., Varella, I. R. D. S., & Nielsen-Saines, K. (2024). The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Brazil. Vaccines, 12(12), Article 1445. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12121445

@article{70bec6d8696749e1b8050c4e3d82edff,

title = "The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Brazil",

abstract = "Objectives: SARS-CoV-2 infection is a known risk factor for adverse health outcomes in pregnancy, affecting both maternal and neonatal health. Mounting evidence suggests that even a single dose of an approved COVID-19 vaccine protects against severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and is safe for both pregnant persons and neonates. Southern Brazil was heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the protective effects of the vaccine on maternal and neonatal health are not well described. This study aims to examine the protective effects of maternal COVID-19 vaccination on both maternal and neonatal outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that leveraged medical data from a tertiary center in South Brazil to compare maternal and infant outcomes between hospitalized pregnant persons with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 March 2020, and 1 March 2023. Results: In total, 524 patients were enrolled, including 275 pregnant patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 249 without infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with maternal ventilator support (adjusted Risk Ratio [aRR] = 1.48, 95\% Confidence Interval [95\% CI]: 1.08–2.03), while receipt of at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine was associated with protection against maternal sepsis (aRR = 0.14, 95\% CI: 0.03–0.56), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aRR = 0.27, 95\% CI: 0.10–0.68), need for ventilator support (aRR = 0.60, 95\% CI: 0.43–0.84), infant admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (aRR = 0.62, 95\% CI: 0.47–0.82), and neonatal respiratory distress (aRR = 0.60, 95\% CI: 0.43–0.83). Conclusions: These findings further underscore the importance of maternal vaccination against COVID-19 during pregnancy. Even one dose of vaccine was protective against a variety of maternal and neonatal outcomes. Prenatal care should encourage COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.",

keywords = "COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, pregnancy outcomes, vaccination",

author = "Hernandez, \{Christopher J.\} and Sundar, \{Kavya G.\} and Fernando Echegaray and Cambou, \{Mary Catherine\} and Yang, \{Lanbo Z.\} and Segura, \{Eddy R.\} and \{Gon{\c c}alves de Melo\}, Marineide and Santos, \{Breno Riegel\} and Varella, \{Ivana Ros{\^a}ngela dos Santos\} and Karin Nielsen-Saines",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 by the authors.",

year = "2024",

month = dec,

doi = "10.3390/vaccines12121445",

language = "Ingl{\'e}s",

volume = "12",

journal = "Vaccines",

issn = "2076-393X",

publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",

number = "12",

}

Hernandez, CJ, Sundar, KG, Echegaray, F, Cambou, MC, Yang, LZ, Segura, ER, Gonçalves de Melo, M, Santos, BR, Varella, IRDS & Nielsen-Saines, K 2024, 'The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Brazil', Vaccines, vol. 12, no. 12, 1445. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12121445

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms

T2 - A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Brazil

AU - Hernandez, Christopher J.

AU - Sundar, Kavya G.

AU - Echegaray, Fernando

AU - Cambou, Mary Catherine

AU - Yang, Lanbo Z.

AU - Segura, Eddy R.

AU - Gonçalves de Melo, Marineide

AU - Santos, Breno Riegel

AU - Varella, Ivana Rosângela dos Santos

AU - Nielsen-Saines, Karin

PY - 2024/12

Y1 - 2024/12

N2 - Objectives: SARS-CoV-2 infection is a known risk factor for adverse health outcomes in pregnancy, affecting both maternal and neonatal health. Mounting evidence suggests that even a single dose of an approved COVID-19 vaccine protects against severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and is safe for both pregnant persons and neonates. Southern Brazil was heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the protective effects of the vaccine on maternal and neonatal health are not well described. This study aims to examine the protective effects of maternal COVID-19 vaccination on both maternal and neonatal outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that leveraged medical data from a tertiary center in South Brazil to compare maternal and infant outcomes between hospitalized pregnant persons with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 March 2020, and 1 March 2023. Results: In total, 524 patients were enrolled, including 275 pregnant patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 249 without infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with maternal ventilator support (adjusted Risk Ratio [aRR] = 1.48, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 1.08–2.03), while receipt of at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine was associated with protection against maternal sepsis (aRR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03–0.56), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aRR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10–0.68), need for ventilator support (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.84), infant admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (aRR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47–0.82), and neonatal respiratory distress (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.83). Conclusions: These findings further underscore the importance of maternal vaccination against COVID-19 during pregnancy. Even one dose of vaccine was protective against a variety of maternal and neonatal outcomes. Prenatal care should encourage COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.

AB - Objectives: SARS-CoV-2 infection is a known risk factor for adverse health outcomes in pregnancy, affecting both maternal and neonatal health. Mounting evidence suggests that even a single dose of an approved COVID-19 vaccine protects against severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and is safe for both pregnant persons and neonates. Southern Brazil was heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the protective effects of the vaccine on maternal and neonatal health are not well described. This study aims to examine the protective effects of maternal COVID-19 vaccination on both maternal and neonatal outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that leveraged medical data from a tertiary center in South Brazil to compare maternal and infant outcomes between hospitalized pregnant persons with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 March 2020, and 1 March 2023. Results: In total, 524 patients were enrolled, including 275 pregnant patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 249 without infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with maternal ventilator support (adjusted Risk Ratio [aRR] = 1.48, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 1.08–2.03), while receipt of at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine was associated with protection against maternal sepsis (aRR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03–0.56), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aRR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10–0.68), need for ventilator support (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.84), infant admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (aRR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47–0.82), and neonatal respiratory distress (aRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.83). Conclusions: These findings further underscore the importance of maternal vaccination against COVID-19 during pregnancy. Even one dose of vaccine was protective against a variety of maternal and neonatal outcomes. Prenatal care should encourage COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.

KW - COVID-19

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - pregnancy outcomes

KW - vaccination

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85213328751

U2 - 10.3390/vaccines12121445

DO - 10.3390/vaccines12121445

M3 - Artículo

AN - SCOPUS:85213328751

SN - 2076-393X

VL - 12

JO - Vaccines

JF - Vaccines

IS - 12

M1 - 1445

ER -

The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Brazil

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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Research from David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Has Provided New Study Findings on COVID-19 (The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A ...)

Cite this

The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Brazil

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Press/Media

Research from David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Has Provided New Study Findings on COVID-19 (The Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccination for Pregnant Patients Hospitalized with Respiratory Symptoms: A ...)

Cite this