2H → 1T Phase Change in Direct Synthesis of WS₂ Nanosheets via Solution-Based Electrochemical Exfoliation and Their Catalytic Properties

Metallic 1T-WS₂ has various interesting properties such as increased density of catalytically active sites on both the basal planes and edges as well as metallic conductivity which allows it to be used in applications such as biosensing and energy devices. Hence, it is highly beneficial to develop a simple, efficient, and low-cost synthesis method of 1T-WS₂ nanosheets from commercially available bulk 2H-WS₂. In this study, we reported WS₂ nanosheets synthesized directly from bulk WS₂ via solution-based electrochemical exfoliation with bipolar electrodes and investigated their electrocatalytic performances toward hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction reactions. We successfully synthesized WS₂ nanosheets of regular hexagonal symmetry with a 2H → 1T phase transition. This represents a novel method of producing 1T-WS₂ nanosheets from bulk 2H-WS₂ without compromising on its electrocatalytic properties.