Evolución del comercio exterior por aduana según producción primaria en el perú, 2005 - 2015

Different studies on international trade and trade liberalization have concluded that these have a positive effect on the growth and development of a country. However, this does not end up being decisive without efficient commercial integration policies. This is where the importance of a competitive customs office appears, in charge of streamlining administrative processes and reducing transaction costs. In the Peruvian case, a large percentage of companies said they had presented export problems, the main cause being excesses in customs procedures. That is to say, there is a potential reduction of commercial competitiveness in Peru due to the lack of efficiency of the customs. Thus, the objective of this research was to publicize the evolution of international trade of all Peruvian customs, emphasizing the products that had the highest representation in volume per ton and in FOB values. Likewise, the products with the highest growth in recent years were also identified, complementing the information with the departments that contributed the most in the production of the aforementioned products, in order to know a potential exportable supply existing in the country. Among the main findings is that, although the largest production in Peru comes from agriculture, the largest representation of exports, both in tons and in FOB value, was from mining (products such as iron, copper or gold). However, in recent years, agricultural products were those that showed a very high growth rate (such as watermelons, mandarins, mangoes and fresh grapes). On the side of imports, there was a strong centralization of the flow through the Marítima of Callao customs office (seven out of every ten tons imported by this customs office).