Riesgo de admisión a la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales de hijos de pacientes con preeclampsia temprana y tardía

OBJECTIVE: Determine the risk of requiring hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit of the children of patients with preeclampsia, according to their type and time of onset. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study executed at Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé, which included pregnant women who met the diagnosis of preeclampsia. The risk ratio of admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from pregnant women with early onset preeclampsia and late onset preeclampsia was evaluated through Poisson regression with robust variance and adjusted by the confounding variables. RESULTS: This study included 369 women who met the diagnosis of preeclampsia. The percentage of admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit was 7,0% and the incidence of preeclampsia during the years 2015 and 2016 was 3,04%. In the bivariate analysis, the variables type of preeclampsia (early onset and late onset), sepsis and neonatal seizures, birth weight, weight for the gestational age, Apgar score and perinatal mortality were statistically significant (p <0.05) for admission to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. In the adjusted multivariate analysis, the children of pregnant women with EOP had a higher risk of being admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit than those of pregnant women with late onset preeclampsia (aRR = 19,51; 95% CI 9,74- 39,11; p<0,001). CONCLUSIONS: The neonates of pregnant women with early onset preeclampsia have a higher risk of being admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit compared to the neonates of pregnant women with LOP.